Prediction of the net norms irrigation of the common bean in the western area of Cuba

Abstract

The results are presented on the estimates of the irrigations requirements of the common bean crop in the best period of sowing from October to December in the occidental part of Cuba, whose general objective consisted on carrying out the prediction of the net norms or irrigation to future in function of the variability and climatic change. The work was carried out from 2017 to 2050 and it was used as tool the computing program CROPWAT. The data used were took from the Regional Pattern Précis using like reference for the study monthly data of the Echam for the scenarios A2 and B2.The results of the climatic characterization in the two cases, showed that the occurrence of the precipitations for the study area has a tendency to be more and more reduced and that they are adjusted to an logarithmic negative equation with coefficients of determination R² of 0.96 for the A2 and 0.95 for the B2 in a 34 years series. In most of the series the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) overcomes the precipitations except for 5 periods in each of them, being shown a projection where the climate is supposed to be more and more severe and more arid in its behavior. For that reason should be kept in mind the application of the irrigations during the whole period in an adaptive way according to the availability of water. For the prediction of the net norms it was appreciated that the same ones have values above those actually used for the common bean (300 mm) since they were considered like medians among 484.4 mm for A2 and 470.9 mm for the B2, with increments of 61 % and 57 % respectively. This corroborates the necessity of these studies to condition the availability of water to the possible amount of production of common bean, establishing an efficient use of water.