Estimation of soil water erosion based on RUSLE, GIS and remote sensing
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Abstract
Soil degradation is the main ecological challenge in hydrographic units, as it leads to a decrease in soil fertility. Climate change and anthropogenic factors exacerbate this problem. Based on this, the purpose of this research was to estimate soil loss due to water erosion in the Rímac River basin. To this end, various tools were used, such as remote sensing (RS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The findings revealed that the basin has an annual soil loss of 135 t ha-1 year-1. A classification of water erosion was proposed in which 15.30%, 50.43%, and 34.27% of the area are classified as high, medium, and low priority, respectively. By integrating the RUSLE model with GIS and remote sensing, it was possible to accurately calculate and locate soil erosion caused by water, identifying the most urgent intervention areas and thus strengthening decision-making for the sustainable management of soil resources.
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