Resistencia a la penetración en un suelo franco arcilloso a dos años de manejo con tres sistemas de labranza
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Abstract
Se evaluó la resistencia a la penet ración de un suelo franco arcilloso al final de dos años de manejo utilizando labranza convencional (LC), labranza vertical ( LV) y cero labranza (NL) con avena forrajera (avena sativa). El experimento se condujo desde agosto 2010 hasta junio 2012. La resistencia a la penet ración se deter minó mediante un penet rómet ro manual de cono de la marca FIELDSCOUT SC 900; se realizaron lecturas al iniciar el experimento para ver las condiciones de la parcela debido a que no se había trabajado en varios años. Se encont raron valores iniciales para la resistencia a la penetración de 3 768,50 kPa y una densidad aparente de 1,28 g·cm. Para el proceso de los datos finales se utilizó el programa estadístico R 2.9.0 con un diseño de bloques al azar y el paquete GS+ 5.1 para generar mapas de diagnóstico. El resultado obtenido en el ANOVA para ‘f ’ fue de 0,6020 para tratamientos de labranza y un valor en las medias de 1500,10 para LC; 1 532,50 para LV y 1 718,60 para NL en una profundidad de 0 a 30 cm, no mostrando diferencia significativa con respecto a tratamientos. La densidad aparente obtenida al final fue de 1,20 g·cm -3 para LC; 1,22 g·cm -3 para LV y 1,15 g·cm -3 -3 para NL. Los sistemas de labranza no muest ran cambios con respecto a la fuerza aplicada al suelo para su fallo ya que esta acción está íntegramente relacionada con la densidad aparente y la humedad del suelo.
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