Soil moisture dynamics in the protected cultivation of potato mini-tubers (Solanum tuberosum)
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Abstract
The use of irrigation technologies in protected crops constitutes one of the main challenges for the efficient use of water. This study aims to evaluate irrigation uniformity parameters under grow house conditions with zeolite substrate, using micro-sprinkler and nebulizer methods for the cultivation of potato minitubers (Solanum tuberosum). The research was conducted at the Institute of Plant Biotechnology (IBP), located at the Marta Abreu Central University of Las Villas. The irrigation systems evaluated were the Hadar 7110 nebulizer and the Mamkad 16 micro-sprinkler. To determine the system parameters, a total of 21 collectors were installed in three rows, in a regular 2x2 m grid arrangement. The parameters evaluated were: uniformity coefficient, distribution uniformity, application coefficient of variation, and application efficiency. The spatial distribution of moisture and its variation during the cycle were also determined. The results showed that irrigation quality criteria were met in both cases, with the nebulizer performing as excellent and the micro-sprinkler performing as good. Better spatial moisture distribution was evident in irrigation with the nebulizer, associated with a smaller range of variation. As a result of uninterrupted irrigation, both sprinkler systems achieved substrate moisture levels above 50%. The most stable moisture level was reached in less time in the nebulizer system, and stable values were achieved throughout the remainder of the cycle.
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