Current Status of Agricultural Machinery in the Mechanization Centers of Bolivar Province, Ecuador
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Abstract
Agricultural mechanization plays an important role in improving productivity and sustainability in agriculture. In Ecuador, mechanization centers were implemented to facilitate access to agricultural machinery in rural areas. However, the lack of information on the current state of the equipment limits its operational efficiency. The objective of this study was to diagnose the technical condition of the agricultural machinery in the mechanization centers of Bolivar province. A total of 17 tractors, 38 power tillers and 35 agricultural implements were evaluated in 10 mechanization centers, analyzing their technical condition, safeguarding conditions, maintenance and mechanization index. The results indicate that 64.71% of the tractors are capable of working, they still show some degree of deterioration and 35.29% are inoperative. 100% of the power tillers are without working capacity. One of the main reasons for the deterioration of agricultural machinery is the lack of adequate preventive and corrective maintenance. Some elements were identified as requiring immediate attention due to their critical condition (high urgency), such as tires (12.50%), the electrical system (6.25%) and certain specific elements (21.88%). Adequate safeguards are in place for 100% of the machinery. The mechanization index varies between 0.32 and 1.1 kW/ha, with an average of 0.61 kW/ha, below the recommended standard. In conclusion, it is necessary to improve maintenance strategies, consider a machinery renewal program and strengthen operator training to ensure greater efficiency in agricultural mechanization in the province.
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