Estudio de corte de películas plásticas sobre suelos acolchados
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Abstract
En el estudio se determina la energía requerida para el corte de film plástico que se utiliza en suelos acolchados, el perfil adecuado de cuchilla, y profundidad óptima de corte, parámetros que servirán para el diseño del elemento cortante de una trasplantadora. Se ensayaron dos tipos de plásticos con grosor de 30 y 23 μm, respectivamente, cuatro diferentes bordes de cuchilla; del tipo liso y dentado, dos diferentes suelos; arcilloso y arenoso, y dos velocidades de cuchilla; 1 mm·s-1 y 10 mm·s-1. Se colocó suelo dentro de una bandeja y sobre él la probeta de plástico. La cuchilla se sujeta en el brazo de un equipo de análisis de textura, Microsystems TaxT2, y al desplazarse corta el plástico. Se genera así información de fuerza y deformación que se envía al programa xtrad dimension del texturómetro, obteniéndose dichos parámetros. De esa información se integra la energía unitaria (J·mm-1) que se precisa exclusivamente para el corte de plástico. Las cuchillas con bordes dentados muestran mejor desempeño, y son el factor fundamental a considerar al momento del diseño, ya que las variables de plástico, suelo y velocidad muestran poca influencia en el fenómeno.
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