Comportamiento hidráulico de los sistemas de riego por goteo superficial y sub superficial
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Abstract
Para su evaluación el sistema de riego fue montado con un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado, con cuatro tratamientos, uno con el sistema de riego por goteo superficial y tres con sistemas de riego por goteo sub superficiales con emisores soterrados a 15, 30 y 45 centímetros de profundidad. Se realizaron evaluaciones de laboratorio y de campo de los principales parámetros hidráulicos del sistema, al inicio de la primera campaña de riego y al final de la tercera, obteniéndose en el tratamiento superficial una apreciable disminución del caudal medio del emisor (qmed),un aumento de la desviación de dicho caudal con relación al caudal nominal (Dqnom) y aumento del coeficiente de variación por obturación (CVobt), que permite inferir un aumento del taponamiento de estos emisores debido a precipitados de carbonato de calcio, fosfatos e hidróxidos que se forman a la salida de los emisores al entrar en contacto directo con los agentes atmosféricos. En cuanto al comportamiento del Coeficiente de Uniformidad Estadístico (CUEst)
y el Coeficiente de Uniformidad del cuarto más bajo (CU25), los valores obtenidos para este índice fueron siempre elevados, estando comprendidos entre 97 y 98 %.
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