Piretrinas y Piretroides
Main Article Content
Resumo
El crecimiento de la industria química ha permitido el desarrollo y empleo de productos altamente eficaces contra insectos y otros organismos, como los vectores de enfermedades transmisibles a los humanos, las plantas y a los animales domésticos y productivos. Las piretrinas son los insecticidas más antiguos que se conocen, su obtención es a partir de las flores del crisantemo. Presentan una efectiva absorción a través del tracto respiratorio y gastrointestinal, pero su bajo efecto perjudicial amplía su uso y distribución para el control de piojos y sarna en seres humanos, para el control de mosquitos, cucarachas, escarabajos y moscas en las instalaciones pecuarias y para la lucha contra enfermedades acaricidas del ganado. Aunque su absorción a través de la piel es muy lenta y deben existir heridas o escoriaciones, se han descrito alteraciones cutáneas en los trabajadores, aunque su seguridad parece ser alta en la exposición profesional. Pueden producir reacciones alérgicas sistémicas y dermatitis de contacto. El uso debe ir acompañado de la verificación de un personal técnico. El objetivo de este documento es revisar las características químicas y toxicológicas, usos clínicos, y seguridad de estos compuestos.
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